WHAT IS ONYX?
The word onyx is Greek which means shining. Its brand name is Onyx, which gives and gives. There are different types of onyx and it has many uses due to its different characteristics. onyx is a calcareous metamorphic stone and is created from the metamorphosis of limestone.
How onyx is formed
High pressure and temperature causes the transformation of limestone and the result of this transformation is onyx. onyx is formed at the mouth of hot springs and caves. Graphite clast, pyrite, mica, dolomite, aragonite and iron oxide are among the constituents of limestone.
Unlike granite and onyx stones that are created deep in the earth, onyx is created right on the surface of the earth.
The formation of onyx is that when it reaches the mouth of the spring, minerals are deposited and a crust of clastic crystals is created. The amount of water flow causes changes in the amount of onyx impurity, which makes the onyxes diverse.
The type and amount of impurities cause the variety of onyx color. We will discuss some of these impurities below.
Aqueous iron oxide causes a yellow or brown color in the stone.
Anhydrous or dehydrated iron oxide causes red or pink color.
Manganese and carbon materials cause gray color.
Characteristics of onyx
- Low water absorption
- Very little disturbance
- Little resistance to moisture and weathering
- Little resistance to scratches and wear
expensive
- High hardness
- Higher resistance in the presence of silicate and quartz minerals
- Very high color variation
onyx applications
- Interior spaces
- Decorative uses
- Luxury places like hotel lobby or counter desk
- Counter and counter table
- Stone artifacts such as sculptural vanity, lobby wall, floor of luxury buildings
- Carved stone in the shrine of Imam Masoum
- interior view
- onyx stepping stones
- culmn
bench
- stone vanity
- lobby
- Elevator frame and frame
- Vases and statues
- Table in front of sofa or honey
- lampshade
- Headstone
Advantages and disadvantages of onyx
Among the disadvantages of onyx, the following can be mentioned:
- High resistance of onyx to weather changes
- The high polishability of this stone
- High polishability of this stone
- Lack of heat absorption (this stone is always cool and keeps the floor of the building cool)
- No maintenance of dust
- Ease of maintenance and cleaning
از معایب سنگِ مرمر به موارد زیر میتوان اشاره کرد:
- Reaction against acidic substances that cause corrosion.
- Soft stone material
- The high price of stone compared to other industrial stones
onyx mines
Iran and Italy have the best onyx mining mines, Iran has surpassed Italy and has a superior rank compared to Italy.
The provinces of Khorasan (Mashhad), Kerman, Kurdistan, East and West Azarbaijan are among the major onyx producing quarries in Iran that have been mining onyx. Below we introduce the cities that extract onyx:
Green onyx is mined in the narrow water of Azarshahr, Abbas Abad Jolfa, Turan Pusht Yazd and Buraq Yazd.
White onyx is mined in De Rostam Bam and Qorve Sanandaj onyx.
Pink onyx is mined in cash pink onyx
Asali onyx is mined in Asali onyx in North Khorasan, Kerman and Isfahan, near Mashhad and also in Herat, Afghanistan.
Orange onyx is extracted in Kashmir orange onyx.
Red onyx is mined in Azarshahr red onyx.
Blue onyx is also extracted from Urmia blue onyx.
The price of onyx
The variety of onyx is so great that it is impossible for two onyx slabs to be exactly alike, even if they come from the same quarry and region. For this reason, it is not possible to consider a specific price for onyx, but in general, the following factors influence the price of onyx:
- onyx design and color
- Quality grade and stone sorting
- Dimensions and thickness
- The quality of the processes
- Accurate stone sorting
Comparing onyx with travertine
The formation process of onyx and travertine is very similar to each other, but onyx is formed in the vicinity of hot water, but travertine is formed in areas where the spring water is very calcareous.
The structure of travertine stone and onyx is different from each other, travertine stone has a porous texture and has a net-like surface, but onyx is soft and has no porosity.
onyx weighs more than travertine, but these two stones are similar in appearance.
Comparing onyx with onyx
Some people think that onyx is the same as onyx, but these two stones are completely different from each other.
There are many differences between onyx and onyx. onyx has the ability to pass light and has mostly a decorative aspect, and this is due to its rarity and high price, as well as features such as water absorption and high porosity of onyx, which onyx does not have these features.
Another difference between onyx and onyx is the variety of color and extraction of onyx, which is more than onyx.
Types of onyx
onyx has a wide variety and we will give a brief explanation about the types of onyx.
White onyx
The best and most famous type of onyx is white onyx, which has a white cloudy texture and golden streaks can be seen on its surface. This stone is mined in the mines of Italy, as well as in Sanandaj and De Rostam Bam. The whiter and purer this stone is, the higher its price will be.
Pink onyx
Pink onyx, which is also known as Lady onyx, has a white main color and there are pink and green swirling halos on its surface. This stone is produced and extracted in the mines of India and Naqdeh mines in West Azerbaijan.
Green onyx
Green onyx is mostly used in religious purposes. The background of this stone is green and sometimes white and golden veins can be seen from these stones.
Red onyx
Red onyx has a red background from dark to light. There are golden and white halos on the surface of this stone. Red onyx is a luxurious stone and is mostly used for interior spaces that have a decorative aspect.
Honey onyx
Honey onyx is one of the most beautiful onyxes that has a honey or light brown background. There are white, yellow and orange lines and streaks on the surface of this stone.
Blue onyx
Blue onyx has a blue and light gray background and there are white and gold streaks on its surface. Urmia blue onyx is one of the most luxurious and expensive onyx stones.
Orange onyx
Orange onyx with an orange background in which white and sometimes brown streaks can be seen is produced and extracted in Mashhad. The more uniform and flawless the ground of this stone is, the higher the price of the stone will be.
Fiery onyx
Fire onyxes have unrepeatable and unique designs and can be used as book match and form match. LED panels are used behind this stone, which makes this stone twice as beautiful. This type of onyx is used in cabinets, TV rooms, etc.
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